Wafer tumbler lock is a type of pin tumbler lock that uses flat, single-piece wafers instead of pins to prevent the lock from opening without the correct key. These locks are commonly used in low-security applications such as automobile doors and cabinetry because they are relatively simple and inexpensive to manufacture. The mechanism operates when the key is inserted into the lock, lifting the wafers to align with the shear line, allowing the plug to rotate and unlock.
Constructed from a series of wafers and a cylinder that can rotate, wafer tumbler locks differ in their configuration depending on the security needs. Each wafer is cut to different depths to match the notches on the specific key designed for the lock. The lock’s simplicity makes it vulnerable to lockpicking and decoding with simple tools, leading to frequent modifications and enhancements in design to improve security. These modifications include the use of double-sided keys and the incorporation of additional security features like magnetic wafers or sidebar mechanisms to resist manipulation and forced entry.
Due to their cost-effectiveness, wafer tumbler locks remain prevalent in everyday usage, balancing the trade-off between security and affordability. Their widespread application underscores the continuous evolution in lock security technology, adapting to challenges while maintaining user accessibility and cost efficiency.